1. Othin: "Counsel me, Frigg, for I long to fare, And Vafthruthnir fain would find; fit wisdom old with the giant wise Myself would I seek to match."

2. Frigg: "Heerfather here at home would I keep, Where the gods together dwell; Amid all the giants an equal in might To Vafthruthnir know I none."

3. Othin: "Much have I fared, much have I found. Much have I got from the gods; And fain would I know how Vafthruthnir now Lives in his lofty hall."

4. Frigg: "Safe mayst thou go, safe come again, And safe be the way thou wendest! Father of men, let thy mind be keen When speech with the giant thou seekest."

5. The wisdom then of the giant wise

6. Forth did he fare to try; He found the hall of the father of Im, And in forthwith went Ygg.

7. Othin: "Vafthruthnir, hail! to thy hall am I come, For thyself I fain would see; And first would I ask if wise thou art, Or, giant, all wisdom hast won."

8. Vafthruthnir: "Who is the man that speaks to me, Here in my lofty hall? Forth from our dwelling thou never shalt fare, Unless wiser than I thou art."

9. Othin: "Gagnrath they call me, and thirsty I come From a journey hard to thy hall; Welcome I look for, for long have I fared, And gentle greeting, giant."

10. Vafthruthnir: "Why standest thou there on the floor whilst thou speakest? A seat shalt thou have in my hall;

11. Then soon shall we know whose knowledge is more, The guest's or the sage's gray."

12. Othin: "If a poor man reaches the home of the rich, Let him wisely speak or be still; For to him who speaks with the hard of heart Will chattering ever work ill."

13. Vafthruthnir: "Speak forth now, Gagnrath, if there from the floor Thou wouldst thy wisdom make known: What name has the steed that each morn anew The day for mankind doth draw?"

14. Othin: "Skinfaxi is he, the steed who for men The glittering day doth draw; The best of horses to heroes he seems, And brightly his mane doth burn."

15. Vafthruthnir: "Speak forth now, Gagnrath, if there from the floor

16. Thou wouldst thy wisdom make known: What name has the steed that from East anew Brings night for the noble gods?"

17. Othin: "Hrimfaxi name they the steed that anew Brings night for the noble gods; Each morning foam from his bit there falls, And thence come the dews in the dales."

18. Vafthruthnir: "Speak forth now, Gagnrath, if there from the floor Thou wouldst thy wisdom make known: What name has the river that 'twixt the realms Of the gods and the giants goes?"

19. Othin spoke:

20. "Ifing is the river that 'twixt the realms Of the gods and the giants goes; For all time ever open it flows, No ice on the river there is."

21. Vafthruthnir: "Speak forth now, Gagnrath, if there from the floor

22. Thou wouldst thy wisdom make known: What name has the field where in fight shall meet Surt and the gracious gods?"

23. Othin: "Vigrith is the field where in fight shall meet Surt and the gracious gods; A hundred miles each way does it measure. And so are its boundaries set."

24. Vafthruthnir: "Wise art thou, guest! To my bench shalt thou go, In our seats let us speak together; Here in the hall our heads, O guest, Shall we wager our wisdom upon."

25. Othin: "First answer me well, if thy wisdom avails, And thou knowest it, Vafthruthnir, now: In earliest time whence came the earth, Or the sky, thou giant sage?"

40 more verses…

About this reader

What is Scripture?

Scripture is a browser-based reader for sixteen sacred texts spanning multiple religious and literary traditions. It provides chapter-by-chapter navigation, full-text search across all works, word concordance with frequency analysis, verse-linked notes, text-to-speech, and deep linking to any chapter or verse.

Traditions Represented

The collection spans Abrahamic, East Asian, Zoroastrian, Buddhist, and Nordic traditions. Christian texts include the King James Version Old and New Testaments (1611) and Apocrypha. The Quran uses Marmaduke Pickthall's 1930 English translation. Latter-day Saint scripture includes the Book of Mormon (1830), Doctrine and Covenants (1835), and Pearl of Great Price (1851).

Confucian works include James Legge's translations of The Four Books (1893) and the Book of Poetry (1876). The Tao Te Ching uses Legge's 1891 translation. The Kojiki uses Basil Hall Chamberlain's 1919 English translation. Zoroastrian texts include the Bundahishn (E. W. West, 1880) and the Arda Viraf (Haug & West, 1872). The Lotus Sutra uses Hendrik Kern's 1884 translation. The Finnish Kalevala uses John Martin Crawford's 1888 translation, and the Norse Poetic Edda uses Henry Adams Bellows' 1923 translation.

Public Domain Translations

Every translation in this collection is in the public domain. The most recent translation dates to 1930 (Pickthall's Quran). All texts are freely available for reading, study, quotation, and redistribution with no copyright restrictions.

Concordance and Related Passages

The concordance indexes every word across all sixteen works, showing frequency and distribution. TF-IDF (term frequency-inverse document frequency) scoring identifies passages with similar vocabulary across different traditions, enabling comparative study without requiring prior knowledge of each text's structure. TF-IDF weights words that are frequent in one chapter but rare across the corpus, surfacing meaningful thematic connections rather than common function words.

Deep Linking

Every chapter and verse has a permanent URL. Chapter links follow the pattern /scripture/{work}/{book}-{chapter} (e.g., /scripture/ot/gen-1 for Genesis 1). Verse links append the verse number (e.g., /scripture/ot/gen-1:26 for Genesis 1:26). These URLs can be shared, bookmarked, or cited directly.

Accessibility

Scripture supports keyboard navigation throughout: Tab moves between controls, Enter activates verse actions, and arrow keys navigate chapters. The reading pane has a skip-to-content link. All overlays (search, concordance) are focus-trapped ARIA dialogs. Dynamic content regions use aria-live for screen reader announcements. High-contrast mode is available via the theme toggle. Verse numbers are visible to assistive technology. No flashing content or motion hazards.

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